While in the 20th century the biggest was land use change, by 2050 climate change will be a larger driver of range shifts compared to
Climate change, of course does not just affect wild animals. Climate change has dramatic impact on water availability, soil viability, phenological mismatch and - all of which causes human mass migration, increases illegal logging, hunting and - as the century goes on humanity itself will become synergistic stressor to the all of the factors affected range size in great apes.
Climate change is predicted to be
Predicted impacts of climate change on great apes are numerous to expand upon here, .
African great apes are predicted to undergo enormous range size decreases.
In particular 2 factors ,
This isn't predicted to go away, in fact the factors
This in combination with other global warming factors makes the rate of destruction increase \cite{Carvalho_2021}
More great apes in a smaller area, resource scarcity, mate scarcity
-> Ever increasings droughts, typhoons, heat waves
This is going to have an impact on those populations socially -> we know in humans, climate change makes war more likely in humans
I believe we're starting to see that happening in great ape populations
Chimpanzees have started hunted gorillas
Orangutans are hunting slow loris'
How great apes are taught ->
Orangutans -> Inter
Amongst all species
Increased interspecies conflict
Increased intraspecies conflict
Lower proportions of social interactions are positive
West African chimpanzees -> enormous droughts
Tapanuli orangutan -> habitat destruction
Kalimantan
Bonobo -> illegal logging
Interspecies conflict between
Catastrophic habitat loss has a profound effect on human culture.
From currently available data, can we predict what impact increased population density, wide scale habitat destruction and increasing catastrophic climatic events have on great ape culture?