Figure Legends FIGURE 1: A graphic summary of the model design, with the environmental forcing (mixed layer depth and sea surface temperature) and a graphic illustration of the temperature norm environmental trait.
FIGURE 2 : Absolute biomass concentrations (mg C m-3) expressed in size bins for the pre-heatwave conditions for active and passive copepod feeders and for protists: (a) daily biomass size bins (b) seasonal total and mean biomass of the size bins. Dashed lines in indicate the end of each season (winter, spring, summer, autumn).
FIGURE 3: Absolute seasonal biomass concentration of the five dominant functional groups (in terms of their relative contribution to total biomass) of (a.) active and (b.) passive copepod feeders and (c.) protists for the winter (December- February), spring (March-May), summer (June- August) and autumn (September- November) heatwave scenarios. Year 1: Heatwave. Years 2-7: years after the heatwaves.
FIGURE 4: Absolute Biomass concentration (mg C m-3) anomalies during and after the summer seasonal heatwave (June-August) for the biomass size bins of (a.) active and (b.) passive copepod feeders and (c.) protists. Year 1 shows the seasonal biomass anomaly during the heatwave (heatwave- pre heatwave biomass concentration). Years 2- 9 show the seasonal biomass anomaly for 8 years after the seasonal heatwave (after heatwave – pre heatwave biomass concentration). HW on all plankton groups: the heatwave directly affects the physiological rates of all plankton groups. HW on copepods only: the heatwave directly affects the physiological rates of copepods only. HW on protists only: the heatwave directly affects the physiological rates of protists only.
FIGURE 5 : Seasonal Shannon Diversity Index for (a.) active and (b.) passive copepod feeders and (c.) protists for the winter (December- February), spring (March- May), summer (June- August) and autumn (September- November) heatwave scenarios. X-axis: years. Year 0: pre-heatwave, Year 1: heatwave (in red) Years 2-5: after-heatwave. More details about the Shannon Diversity Index can be found in the SM.
FIGURE 6 : Biomass anomalies (heatwaves (HW) on protists or copepods only – heatwaves (HW) on both protists and copepods) during all seasonal heatwaves and the seven seasons afterwards for (a.) active and (b.) passive copepod feeders, and (c.) protists.