In the context of the new era, the digital economy has become a new engine for global economic growth. As the southernmost province in China, Hainan Province has unique geographical locations and resource advantages. The rapid development of the digital economy has had a profound impact on the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. Based on this, this study takes Hainan Province as the research object to deeply explore the impact of digital economic development on rural revitalization. The study collected panel data from 2003 to 2022 to construct an evaluation index system for the digital economy and rural revitalization and used panel regression analysis and other methods to explore the promotion effect of the digital economy on rural revitalization. Research results show that the digital economy has a significant positive impact on rural revitalization, and this impact increases as the level of fiscal expenditure increases. The issuance of digital RMB has further exerted a regulatory effect and promoted the development of the digital economy and the process of rural revitalization. At the same time, the establishment of the Hainan Free Trade Port has also played a positive role in promoting the development of the digital economy and rural revitalization. In the prediction of the optimal strategy for rural revitalization based on the development levels of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries (Rate1, Rate2, and Rate3), it was found that rate1 can encourage Hainan Province to implement digital economic innovation, encourage rate3 to implement promotion behaviors, and increase rate2 can At the level of sustainable development when rate3 promotes rate2’s digital economic innovation behavior, it can standardize rate2’s production behavior to the greatest extent, accelerate the faster application of the digital economy to the rural revitalization industry, and promote the technological advancement of enterprises. This study not only provides theoretical support and practical reference for Hainan Province to explore effective ways for the digital economy to promote rural revitalization but also provides reference for other regions across the country. The research conclusion emphasizes the importance of fiscal expenditure, digital RMB, and free trade port policies in promoting the development of the digital economy and rural revitalization, providing useful enlightenment for policymakers.