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\begin{document}

\title{Non-tidal ocean loading signals of the North and Baltic Sea from
terrestrial gravimetry, GNSS, and high-resolution modeling}



\author[1]{Christian Voigt}%
\author[2]{Roman Sulzbach}%
\author[3]{Henryk Dobslaw}%
\author[4]{Adelheid Weise}%
\author[5]{Ludger Timmen}%
\author[6]{Zhiguo Deng}%
\author[2]{Marvin Reich}%
\author[1]{Nico Stolarczuk}%
\author[7]{Heino Peters}%
\author[7]{Michael Fietz}%
\author[8]{Maik Thomas}%
\author[9]{Frank Michael Flechtner}%
\affil[1]{Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}%
\affil[2]{GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}%
\affil[3]{GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam}%
\affil[4]{Leibniz Universität Hannover}%
\affil[5]{UniversitÃÂ¤t Hannover}%
\affil[6]{Helmholtz Center Potsdam, German Research Center for Geosciences (GFZ)}%
\affil[7]{Alfred-Wegener-Institute (AWI), Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research}%
\affil[8]{Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}%
\affil[9]{GFZ Potsdam}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 25, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Non-tidal ocean loading signals are known to be a significant source of
geophysically induced noise in gravimetric and geodetic observations
also far-away from the coast and especially during extreme events such
as storm surges. Operational products suffer from a low temporal and
spatial resolution and reveal only small amplitudes on continental
stations. Dedicated high-resolution sea-level modelling of the North and
Baltic Sea provides a largely improved prediction of non-tidal ocean
loading signals. Superconducting gravimeter and GNSS observations on the
small offshore island of Heligoland in the North Sea are used for a
thorough evaluation of the model values revealing correlations of up to
0.9 and signal reductions of up to 50 \% during a storm surge period of
one month in Jan-Feb 2022. Additional continental superconducting
gravimeter stations are used to assess the benefits from high-resolution
modelling for an improved signal separation further away from the coast.%
\end{abstract}%



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\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`AGU_GeophysResLett_Manuscript_HELGOG_submitted.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/755674/articles/725994-non-tidal-ocean-loading-signals-of-the-north-and-baltic-sea-from-terrestrial-gravimetry-gnss-and-high-resolution-modeling}

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