Coloration analyses
The quantification of plumage chromatic distances between females ofT. r. ruficapillus (from the Atlantic Forest) and T. r. cochabambae (from the Andean forest) using the Vorobyev and Osorio (1998) model indicated that five plumage patches had differences in colour above the discrimination threshold (∆S > 1.00 jnd): throat, breast, belly, crown and nape (Table 2). In turn, the comparison between males of these same two subspecies showed differences higher than 1.00 jnd for three plumage patches: throat, belly and nape (Table 2). The PERMANOVA, however, was not significant for any of the comparisons (Table 2), suggesting that the variation between subspecies was not significantly higher than the variation within each of them neither for females nor for males. This relatively subtle, non-significant colour differentiation between subspecies can also be observed in the reflectance spectra of the patches (Figure S5).