4. Analyses and Results
Table 1 shows the means, standard deviation, variance, range, minimum,
and maximum for each of the variables in this study. Since the nature
and the number of items in each test are different we cannot directly
compare the tests. To score the cloze-elide test, the number of correct
deletions was subtracted from the numbers of incorrect deletions. For
many cases, this resulted in a negative score as for these cases the
number of wrong deletions was greater than the number of correct
deletions. For such cases, their negative scores were converted to zero.
The Cronbach’s alpha reliability of the speeded cloze-elide test,
multiple-choice cloze test, the C-Test, and the reading comprehension
test was .94, .78, .94, and .70, respectively. To compute the
reliability of the C-Test and the cloze-elide test each passage was
considered an item (Eckes & Baghaei, 2015).