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\begin{document}

\title{}



\author[1,2,3]{Jeemijn Scheen}%
\author[4]{Jörg Lippold}%
\author[2,3]{Frerk Pöppelmeier}%
\author[4]{Finn Süfke}%
\author[2,3]{Thomas F. Stocker}%
\affil[1]{Department of Estuarine and Delta Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Yerseke, The Netherlands}%
\affil[2]{Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Switzerland}%
\affil[3]{Climate and Environmental Physics, University of Bern, Switzerland}%
\affil[4]{Institute of Earth Sciences, Heidelberg University, Germany}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 24, 2024}


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\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a critical
component of the climate system, strongly influencing the climate via
ocean heat transport. The AMOC had different characteristics during
glacial periods and is expected to change under anthropogenic climate
forcing. To reconstruct past AMOC strength, the Pa/Th (protactinium-231
to thorium-230) ratio measured in marine sediments serves as a unique
proxy. However, this ratio reflects not only circulation changes, but
also effects from biological particle export and benthic nepheloid
layers. Therefore, it remains an open question which regions exhibit a
reliable AMOC signal in their sedimentary Pa/Th. This study, utilising
the Bern3D model and a compilation of sediment cores with 11 newly
published cores, suggests that equatorial West Atlantic Pa/Th is as
sensitive to AMOC changes as the Bermuda Rise region. Additionally, the
Pa/Th response to AMOC changes observed in part of the northern North
Atlantic, which is opposite to regions further south, is caused by
AMOC-induced changes in particle production. Cores in this region are
promising to reconstruct AMOC strength, despite exhibiting an
AMOC-to-Pa/Th relationship opposite from usual and high levels of opal.
Additional cores in the North Atlantic at 40-60\selectlanguage{ngerman}°N between 1 and 2 km
depth are desirable for the application of Pa/Th. Our results suggest a
new focus of Pa/Th reconstructions on the equatorial West Atlantic and
the northern North Atlantic, which appear to be better suited to
quantify past AMOC strength.%
\end{abstract}\selectlanguage{ngerman}%



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\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`SI_1_sediment_measurements.xlsx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/745402/articles/718607-promising-regions-for-detecting-the-overturning-circulation-in-atlantic-pa-th-a-model-data-comparison}

\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`SI_2_age_models.xlsx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/745402/articles/718607-promising-regions-for-detecting-the-overturning-circulation-in-atlantic-pa-th-a-model-data-comparison}

\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`SI_3_compilation_Kd_to_sigma.xlsx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/745402/articles/718607-promising-regions-for-detecting-the-overturning-circulation-in-atlantic-pa-th-a-model-data-comparison}

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