3.2 Effect of CRP on HRQoL and physiological outcomes of CABG patients
This part presents the effect of CRPs on HRQoL (both domains; physical and mental) on CABG patients and on physiological aspects. All the reviewed studies revealed that the CRP had a positive effect on CABG patients’ HRQoL, and physiological variables.
Nobari et al.10 conducted a non-randomized controlled trial on 97 CABG patients, in which 49 were allocated to the healthy lifestyle empowerment program group (HLEPG), and the conventional education group (CEG) (n=48). In the follow up both groups exhibited a significant improvement in the HRQoL mean score but this increase was obviously better in the HLEPG, using the SF-12 tool. Zofaghari et al.11 study consisted of 50 patients who underwent CABG surgery. The patients were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 25) and a Physiotherapy (PT) group (n = 25). The control group did not have any PT sessions, the PT group complete 16 sessions of PT. The QoL scores of the PT patients significantly improved after the intervention) in both the mental and physical components. Salavati et al.14 conducted a randomized controlled clinical study in Hamadan/ Iran on 110 patients to compare the effects of CRPs versus normal care on the patients’ HRQOL after CABG surgery, MacNew Heart Disease HRQOL questionnaire (27-item) was used to assess the patient’s HRQOL, patients in the control group received routine education at hospital discharge, experimental patients group, in addition to the routine education had home-based CRP which included exercise programs (obligation walking and education). They found statistically significant improvement in the HRQOL of patients following CRP. Alexiev et al.8 study measured the impact of an early comprehensive, individualized CRP soon after CABG and examined its effect on exercise capacity and HRQOL. It was a prospective study investigating two types of cardiac rehabilitation in 100 patients. Patients were assigned to two groups. The outcome indicated that a customized physiotherapy strategy designed to increase motion shortly after cardiac surgery is safe, achievable, and more practical than a usual program and improved patient HRQOL. Akbari and Celik9 conducted a study that investigated the impact of discharge exercise and post-discharge CR on HRQOL after CABG surgery using the 36-item Short Form Survey. This quasi-experimental study was conducted on a convenience 100 patients undergoing CABG surgery. The intervention group was provided discharge training and post-discharge counseling. The control group received only the usual discharge and postoperative instructions. It was found that discharge training and post-discharge counseling are effective in improving postoperative HRQOL among patients who undergo CABG surgery. Laustsen et al.12 conducted a follow-up study on 34 participants in Denmark. patients conduct exercise 60 minutes three times per week with moderate intensity of exercise for 20 minutes per session, HRQOL was assessed using (SF-36) questionnaire, and the results showed that there was a significant increase in mental and physical HRQOL. Pacaric et al.13 in their prospective study conducted for 47 patients in Croatia, before surgery and one-month post-surgery, then one year after the rehabilitation program which took three weeks. Significant improvement in all quality-of-life domains were noted after rehabilitation. Spiroski et al.15 studied 54 patients in Serbia after CABG surgery who contributed in a 3‐week and 6‐month outpatient. The inpatient interventions involved of daily walking for 45 minutes and cycling 7 times/week. The outpatient interventions involved of cycling 3 times/week and walking 5 times/week for 45 minutes. The study found a remarkable improvement in health-related factors such as HR, BP, BS, and lipid profile for patients after CRP.