Figure 5: Effect of PKD1 on oxidative stress in the random-pattern skin flaps . (A) IHC staining of SOD1 expression in the flap in the studied groups (original magnification: 200×; scale bar: 50 µm). (B) The optical density values of SOD1 in the studied groups. (C) Western blotting analysis of SOD1, eNOS, and HO1 expressions in the studied groups, with GAPDH as an internal control. (D) HO1, SOD1, and eNOS optical density values in all groups. **p< 0.01, vs control group. Mean ± SEM was used for data presentation, n = 6 per group.