Fig. 1 Picture of turion structure. The turion of P. crispus is a
vegetative propagule with a propeller shape. The metamorphosed stem and
metamorphosed leaf/scale leaf are the modules of condensed apical
shoots. An axillary bud generates on the metamorphosed stem between two
scale leaves. Young seedlings sprout from the axillary buds
Fig. 2 Mean daytime water temperature throughout the experimental
period. The mean daytime water temperature was approximately 2–5.8 ℃
higher under warming condition than under normal condition
Fig. 3 Variation in (A) turion number, (B) turion biomass, (C)
percentage of oligophyllous turions and (D) percentage of pleiophyllous
turions under different warming conditions for the four populations from
different geographic sources
Fig. 4 Variation in (A) fruit number and (B) fruit biomass under
different warming conditions for the four populations from different
geographic sources