Figure 7. Forest plot of coefficient of variation for blood
tacrolimus levels. Mean Difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval
(CI) between eHealth intervention group and control groups.
The proportion of patients obtaining normal tacrolimus trough
variability
Fleming et al.’s 12-month randomized controlled trial of 136 kidney
transplant patients showed that more patients in the pharmacist-led
mHealth-based intervention group achieved a tacrolimus coefficient of
variation of less than 30% compared to the control group(P=0.0133).
McGillicuddy et al. (20 ) also found improvement in the proportion
of patients achieving a clinical goal of a tacrolimus intrapatient
variability of <40% (80% vs 70%, P = 0.001) in the
intervention group as compared to the control group.