Conclusion
It has long been postulated whether there were underlying differences in
causes of stillbirths in different ethnic groups, as disparities in
stillbirth rates and perinatal outcomes continue to persist in many
high-income nations. Understanding the ethnic variation in stillbirth
rate and causes is crucial to bringing us a step closer to achieving the
WHO’s Every Newborn initiative. Results from this review suggest
that while no obvious differences are apparent in causes of stillbirths
in those ethnicities with sufficient data, important gaps in our
knowledge persist. Future studies in high-income countries should aim to
investigate causes of stillbirth in minority ethnic groups poorly
represented in this review by using high quality placental histology and
foetal autopsy data. To enable global comparisons, monitor trends, and
clearly ascertain underlying causes, a widely accepted tool such as the
ICD-PM that can capture more detailed information in data-rich settings
should be used. Comprehensive testing across diverse settings and in as
many ethnic groups as possible will enable focussed used of healthcare
resources and corresponding policy changes.