Median [interquartile range] for continuous variables, number (%)
for categorical variables.
*Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables, Fisher’s exact test for
categorical variables.
†Use of mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal
membrane oxygenation during admission.
SMD: standardized mean difference, BMI: Body Mass Index, COPD: chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease, VAS: Visual Analogue Scale, QOL: Quality
of Life