Data collection
Relevant data were retrospectively retrieved from medical records at baseline visit (defined as the first consultation in our centre) and up until the last follow-up visit. At baseline, we collected patient characteristics (age, gender, previous medical history of relevant conditions), treatment data (date of introduction and withdrawal of bradykinin-releasing drugs, antihistamines, corticosteroids and/or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)), AE attack characteristics (total number, triggering factors, prodromes, localization, associated signs, duration, attack treatments) and biological results (serum complement, eosinophils, immunoglobulin E (IgE), tryptase, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroperoxydase levels). During follow-up, we assessed ACEi discontinuation and/or re-exposure, recurrence of AE attacks (and their characteristics), occurrence of atopic manifestations and/or typical lesions of urticaria and therapeutic data (treatment by bradykinin-releasing drugs, antihistamines, corticosteroids and/or NSAIDs).