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\begin{document}

\title{Cochlear Implants and Its Complications: A retrospective study}



\author[1]{Vinaya Kumar Edwin Christopher}%
\author[1]{Rakesh Vuppala}%
\author[1]{Rambabu Koka}%
\author[1]{Jaswinder Pal Saluja}%
\author[1]{Sruthi Suravarapu}%
\author[1]{Srinivas Ganji}%
\author[1]{Srikanth Indlamuri}%
\affil[1]{Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research}%


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  \date{May 23, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of complications associated with
CI. Design: Retrospective descriptional study wherein data of surgeries
done during April 1994 - March 2016 was analysed. Setting: Hospital
Participants: Patients who underwent cochlear implant. Outcome measures:
Complications were recorded as surgical and non-surgical; latter were
further classified as major and minor. Results: 1236 surgeries were
performed on 933 pediatric patients (06 months-18 years) and 79 adults.
The cause of the deafness was congenital (90.91\%), idiopathic (8.30\%),
and meningitis (0.79\%). No speech impairment was seen in eight (0.86\%)
children. Bilateral profound hearing impairment was common in 99.41\%
patients. In addition, Mondini's deformity (n=05), auditory neuropathy
(n=10), adenoid hypertrophy (n=05) and tongue tie (n=10) were seen in
children. Previous CI was reported in 29.46\%. Delayed milestones were
seen in 13.39\%. Hypertension (14.29\%) and diabetes mellitus (15.18\%)
were seen in adult patients. There was history of consanguinity in
60.02\% patients. Right cochlear implantation (47.43\%), left (31.42\%)
and Bilateral implantation (21.15\%) were done. Reimplantation was
required 2.96\% patients. Surgeries were performed by two surgeons,
55.34\% and 41.50\% surgeries respectively, and as a team (3.16\%). All
pediatric patients had uneventful postoperative period. There were 17
(1.68\%) complications in adults; permanent facial nerve paresis (n=04)
and flap necrosis (02) were major complications (n=08); labyrynthitis
(n=04) and wound infection (n=04) were the minor complications (n=09).
Conclusion: CI is a safe procedure for restoration of hearing loss and
the complications are within the acceptable limits.%
\end{abstract}%



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\verb`ENT Cochlear implant_for submission_Feb.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/726464/articles/708948-cochlear-implants-and-its-complications-a-retrospective-study}

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