Note : The items with asterisks were further examined by demography
Overall, some of the most noticeable behavior changes were the decrease in eating out (-64%) and the increase in prevention behaviors (+69%). Shopping was the most frequently appeared item in the before-condition (105%) and still seemed to be performed quite frequently after the virus outbreak (74%), but a significant decrease was apparent (-31%). Occasions of spending time with family and friends, traveling, and using public transports are also perceived as greatly decreased by the participants. The changes in those activity categories were further examined by age groups (18-24, 25-65, and 66-79 years old), gender, marital status, children, and household income (below or above the annual income of 6 million yen, which roughly correspond to the average household income in Japan). Living area and occupations were not used because sample sizes in each sub-category of these demographics varied a lot. Target behaviors have been further reduced from the initial nine items by the following two criteria for the demographic-based examination. First, the behavior shows a bigger than 10% difference between the two conditions in at least one of the groups in each demographic
category. Second, the magnitude of the change noticeably differs among the groups in the demographic category. Table 2 summarizes the results of the behaviors meeting either of these two criteria.
Table 2. Appearance rates for the selected behaviors by the demographic categories