Note : The items with asterisks were further examined by
demography
Overall, some of the most noticeable behavior changes were the decrease
in eating out (-64%) and the increase in prevention behaviors (+69%).
Shopping was the most frequently appeared item in the before-condition
(105%) and still seemed to be performed quite frequently after the
virus outbreak (74%), but a significant decrease was apparent (-31%).
Occasions of spending time with family and friends, traveling, and using
public transports are also perceived as greatly decreased by the
participants. The changes in those activity categories were further
examined by age groups (18-24, 25-65, and 66-79 years old), gender,
marital status, children, and household income (below or above the
annual income of 6 million yen, which roughly correspond to the average
household income in Japan). Living area and occupations were not used
because sample sizes in each sub-category of these demographics varied a
lot. Target behaviors have been further reduced from the initial nine
items by the following two criteria for the demographic-based
examination. First, the behavior shows a bigger than 10% difference
between the two conditions in at least one of the groups in each
demographic
category. Second, the magnitude of the change noticeably differs among
the groups in the demographic category. Table 2 summarizes the results
of the behaviors meeting either of these two criteria.
Table 2. Appearance rates for the selected behaviors by the demographic
categories