Research Method
This study utilized the qualitative phenomenological study.
Phenomenological research design focuses on the experiences of an
individual or group. It attempts to examine the qualities or essence of
an experience with people who are having the experience of the
phenomenon [14]. In this study, the phenomenological research design
was used in examining the experiences of pre-service students enrolled
in an online foreign language program and their perception of the
quality of their online learning. This study used interview guide
questions and observation checklists.
The participants of the study were 15 pre-service teachers who are
studying English and Social studies and who are in their Third year of a
four-year course in the university. The inclusion criteria of the study
includes a) a pre-service student enrolled in an online course; b)
willing to be part of the evaluation program of the FBICC; and c) an
active participant of FBICC who has attended at least seven out of 11
sessions of the online program. Informed consent was secured prior to
the interview and interview protocol was submitted to the Ethics board
of the university.
In the analysis of findings, the Collaizi method was used. This method
comprised of seven steps in analyzing information and gathered evidence
for case study and other qualitative researches [15]. The collaizi
steps were as follows: 1) the respondents’ descriptions of their
experiences were recorded and noted. The transcript was reviewed several
times for deeper understanding of the content; 2) significant statements
were formulated from the transcript. These statements were written on
different sheets; 3) those significant statements were interpreted. Each
meaning was coded in one category based on description; 4) the
formulated meanings are organized. The formulated meanings were grouped
into categories wherein each category represented a structure of the
cluster of themes; 5) the organized meanings were integrated into
thorough description; 6) the essential structure of the phenomenon was
formulated. In this step, a reduction of findings was done.
Redundancies, misused descriptions were eliminated; and 7) Validation of
study findings through triangulation of facts.
Data collection
An interview protocol was developed, reviewed by experts, and edited
based on feedback. Interviews were conducted with pre-service teachers
through phone and online mode since face to face interview was not
allowed during the pandemic period. The interview protocol included 20
questions concerning the following topics: general knowledge of online
learning, general knowledge of Bahasa Indonesia prior to the online
learning; experiences in FBICC online program; perception about FBICC
Online learning; Administrative Support; and their overall impression of
FBICC program. Throughout the process of the interviews, probes and
follow-up questions were added as needed to encourage elaboration and
clarify responses. Specific questions were added as the interview
process progressed in response to developing themes. All interviews were
conducted by the first author immediately after each interview, verbatim
transcripts were generated.
Table 1. Interview protocol