Methods
Theoretical study
Systematization of theoretical bases for medical staff’s mental health
in the National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology during the
COVID-19 pandemic, including the definition of mental health and its
manifestations, the impact factors that can influence the mental state
based on previous research, and press releases from the American
Psychology Association (APA) and the World Health Organization (WHO).
Questionnaires
measurement
We used questionnaires that were built based on the theoretical about
mental health, the effect factors of it, and through referring scales of
the mental health’s manifestations to assess mental health status, the
ability to control emotions, the ability to deal with challenges and
demands, the ability to form and maintain relationships, and interest in
work. According to the findings of literature analysis, the Depression,
Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS) is the most effective scale for
assessing the mental health of healthcare workers in other countries
affected by pandemics. DASS, on the other hand, meets the criterion for
assessing three characteristics that this study focused on. Translate
the scales to Vietnamese, organize the items to fit with the purpose of
the research, consult experts such as MSc. Tran Thi Hai Yen, has a
sample survey of 30 participants to measure the reliability and validity
and the survey was qualified to use with With Cronback’s alpha value
> 0,7 (0,93), the scale ensures reliability, can be used to
measure the research’s goals.
The mental health questionnaire measures some additional demographics
information and 3 manifestations including 42 items, each item got 4
answers. The average score was then categorized into 4 groups: Normal
mental health status at 0 – 0,75; Suffer mild disorder in their mental
health status at 0,75 – 1,5; Suffer moderate disorder in their mental
health status at 1,5 – 2,25 and suffer severe disorder in their mental
health status at 2,25 - 3. From February 21st to March 7th, 2021, the
survey was sent to Hanoi’s National Institute of Hygiene and
Epidemiology using Google Form. We had 130 respondents who were given
questionnaires, 117 of whom returned completely filled out and
analyzable, giving us a response rate of 90% (n=117), the demographic
information be performed in Table 1.
Using scale
The PSQI assesses several distinct elements of sleep by utilizing a
modified Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) developed by Bach Mai
Hospital in Hanoi, which consists of 19 items and offers seven component
scores and one composite score. Each item is rated on a 0–3 scale. The
sum of the seven component scores generates the global PSQI score, which
ranges from 0 to 21, with lower values indicating better sleep quality
and higher values indicating a sleeping problem.
Statistics analyze
We used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, version
27.0) software to analyze the data. The frequency distribution was used
to describe qualitative factors, whereas the mean and standard deviation
were used to explain quantitative ones. Also to see the correlations
between the mental health status and the other factors that can affect
it.