Material & Methods
Design
This research is a descriptive study and the relational survey model,
which is one of the general survey models, was used in the research
(Karasar, 2018). The method of the research is observation-based
notational data collection. All the matches were observed, and the
results were recorded in a notational form, then transferred to the
computer environment and necessary statistical processes were applied.
Samples and variables
Within the scope of this study:
After the postponement of the competitions due to the Covid-19 epidemic
in March 2020, the Junior and U23 category matches held in November, as
well as the Junior European Judo Championship and U23 European Judo
Championship held in 2019, male and female in total, constitute the
universe of our 1944 official competition research been taken under.
However, in 513 of these matches, the athletes did not compete by
passing bye. For this reason, the universe of our research consists of
1431 competitions in 14 weight categories (7 female, 7 male). In order
to increase the validity and reliability of our research, sampling was
not done, and the entire universe (n=1431) was reached.
Procedures
The best competitions held in the
European region in 2019 were the Junior European Judo Championships (n =
389 competitions) and the U23 European Judo Championships (n = 277
competitions). A total of 1431 matches in these tournaments were
analysed: 812 for male and 619 for female. The analyses were documented
by a judo expert coach of the International Judo Federation. Information
related to the match-variables performance, such as the number, type of
scores (wazari and ippon) and penalties during matches are taken from
the Official Results Books of the International Judo Federation for
further analysis (https://www.ijf.org/results). The reliability between
results book date and video analysis conducted by us was considered
excellent (ICC = 0.99). Then a judo expert (a judo coach, more than 30
years of judo experience and black belt) tabulated the data, and another
judo coach (more than 15 years of judo experience and black belt)
performed the statistical analysis. Considering that the analyzed data
were obtained from an open access website in secondary form and were not
produced experimentally, there is no ethical problem in examining or
interpreting them (Dopico-Calvo
et al., 2023; Kons, Agostinho, Lopes-Silva, et al., 2022). This research
waives ethics committee approval as it does not directly involve human
participants.
Statistical Analysis
By using the SPSS 25 program in
the comparison of the variables of the research data; Frequency (f),
percentage (%), mean (x ̵̅), standard deviation (Ss.) results from
descriptive statistics were used. Average results: It was interpreted by
calculating “category number row spacing ÷ category number”.
Independent Chi-square tests were used to test the association between
different match scores and sex groups, weight categories and probability
coefficient to confirm the degree of relationship for all variables. The
correlation strength of the tests with a significant difference was
calculated with the “Contingency Coefficient”. The effect size used
was Cramér’s V effect size’s (ES ≤ 0.2 weak, 0.2 < ES ≤ 0.6
moderate, ES > 0.6 strong effect) (Cramér’s V, 2023).