Self – Determination theory
According to self-determination theory, effective self-regulation and
psychological health are based on the satisfaction of three basic
psychological needs: competence – the capacity to act effectively on
the world, autonomy – self authorship or personal initiative, and
relatedness – closeness or connectedness with others (Deci & Ryan,
1985).
Self-determination theory is also driven by five different types of
motivation: intrinsic motivation which refers to focusing on the
task as a result of self-delight, integrated motivation which
refers to behavior guided by the values of the individual,identified motivation which refers to behaviors guided by values
identified by the individual but different from personal values,introjected motivation which refers to the behaviors that are
guided by values and forces that are extraneous to the individual but
whereas the individual recognizes the authority of the force, andexternal motivation which refers to the behaviors guided by
extraneous factors such as reward or punishment (Deci & Gagné, 2005).