The agriculture-based economy of India has witnessed several trends and fluctuations since its indefinite inception. The main objective of this paper is to assess the long-run and short-run impact of various factors on the agricultural productivity of food grains of the nation. The time frame under consideration here, expands over the range starting from the early 90s i.e. 1989-90 to 2018-19. This paper uses Johansen Cointegration, Vector Error Correction Mechanism and Wald test models to examine its sole objective. The study experiments the effects of various factors such as, Electricity Consumption in Agriculture (ELEC), CPI of food items (CPI_AL), WPI of food grains (WPI_FG) and Irrigation (PGIA) on Food grain production (FGPD). Here CPI, WPI are defined as the indicators of consumer and producer expectations that yields tremendous impact on agricultural productivity. Following the growing concern regarding the fragility of agricultural growth the study frames a series of suggestions. Working on the findings the study suggests that the government should give equal focus towards non-price and price determinants of food grain production. The paper is also suggestive of the fact that the focus should not be shifted abruptly from the production of food grains towards cash crops with a profit motive. On the side of MSP, the paper suggests for effective measures to be taken to place it as the market clearing price. The paper also questions against the pricing policies of the Government underlying the swallowing food grain stock over the years. The study suggests to undertake thorough survey on the effectiveness of irrigation system, while avoiding to consider the irrigation potential as the parameter of measurement of efficacy of the same. Lastly, the study also suggests for the adequate mechanization of agriculture, which needs to be of equitable character.