2.2. Participants and Variables
The study incorporated 164 patients diagnosed with GBM registered from
2014 to 2018, utilizing standardized data collection forms derived from
hospital medical records. Inclusion criteria encompassed patients with
confirmed histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnoses of GBM who
received care in Guilan Province during the specified period. Patient
information, including age, gender, tumor location, and
histopathological diagnosis date, was collected. Patients with
incomplete or insufficient records were excluded from the study. The
overall survival status of each patient was verified using their
national ID to cross-reference death reports. Survival duration,
measured in months from the histopathological diagnosis to the time of
death, was calculated for deceased individuals.