Figure 4 shows a corresponding combination of independent arguments
pointing to the same practical conclusion: being asked the way by driver
John, I should not direct him in a wrong direction (tell him that he
will get to destination by going to the left), given that my false
statement would both be a lie and harm John, impeding him from reaching
its destination. Arguments A and B refer to two parallel
principles: the duty to be truthful and the duty not to harm others (a
foremost requirement of the law according to Justinian’s Digest, D 1.1.1
).