Health and Economic Burden
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) augment the health
problems as well as brings huge economic loss in the form of
significant reduction in productive days of work by employee who are
severely ill . The most common resistant microbes found across India are
presented in Table 1. These microbes with higher resistance rate are
responsible for high morbidity and mortality due to severe infections.
Further, patients infected with resistant microbes are more likely to
receive therapies that are inadequate or receive the appropriate
therapies in low dosages than recommended . With this risk of spreading
that infection increases to other organs and to entire body as well .
Patients infected with resistant microbes are more likely to die than
those who are infected with regular microbes. Patients infected with
resistant microbes. World-wide, Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) causes
around 700,000 deaths annually . If such pace remains there, then
resistance rates increase by 40% as a result 9.5 million deaths will be
there annually .
AMR increases the cost of healthcare. Patients infected
by resistant microbes needs advanced and costly care and are more
probably to get admitted to a for serious health consequences .
Aggressive antimicrobial therapies and additional laboratory tests adds
extra expenditure is due excessive cost on nursing and medical care
cost, as well as many other things . As first line drugs do not work
even for common ailment, physicians need to prescribe costly second or
third-line of antimicrobial drugs . The situation will become worse if
current picture of increase in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains
same.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) cost more to society . as
with more drugs are required to administer with higher cost than usual
first line drugs, this will collectively increase the cost of entire
healthcare . Increase in cost is directly associated to treatment
failure, ill-health and also it results in loss of income due to death
and disability . Indirect cost on seeking health care adds more to the
loss in productivity as patient may remain in hospital for longer period
which keep him or her away from work . If no effective strategies are
put in place, it may result in deaths and disability among citizens in
productive age group. This will adversely affect the total GDP.