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\begin{document}

\title{Winter Dormancy and Spring Growth in Winter Wheat}



\author[1]{Adele Jamazlei}%
\author[1]{Karansher Singh Sandhu}%
\author[1]{Arron Hyrum Carter}%
\affil[1]{Affiliation not available}%


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  \date{May 28, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Cold tolerance is of paramount importance for the survival of winter
wheat, as failure to withstand low winter temperatures necessitates
costly replanting during the spring season. Initial observations
indicate that higher cold tolerance is associated with increased winter
dormancy, resulting in slower spring growth and potentially lower grain
yields. Understanding how quickly the plants grow during this critical
period can provide insights into their overall health and yield
potential. This study investigates the interaction between cold
tolerance, winter dormancy, rate of spring growth, and final grain yield
to develop cultivars with high cold tolerance and early spring growth.
The plant material consists of 480 diverse soft white winter wheat
varieties collected from Pacific Northwest (PNW) breeding programs. The
population was cultivated for three years (2016, 2017, and 2018) at two
PNW locations (Pullman, WA and Pendelton, OR). RGB and NIR images were
captured weekly to generate growth curves and calculate NDVI values for
each genotype. Additional data on tiller count, heading date, plant
height, grain volume weight, and grain yield were collected. Modeling
NDVI regression curves enabled us to quantitatively define plant growth
attributes including spring growth rate, time of peak greenness,
dry-down rate, time of total dry-down, time from heading to total
dry-down. These data, correlated with final grain yield, will enable a
better understanding of winter wheat growth patterns. This information
is crucial for breeding regionally specialized winter wheat varieties
that can maximize spring growth and yield potential while minimizing the
risk of cold damage.%
\end{abstract}%



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\emph{\textbf{Adele jamalzei}\textsuperscript{1}, Karansher Singh
Sandhu\textsuperscript{1}, Arron Hyrum carter\textsuperscript{1}}

\emph{\textsuperscript{1}Department of Crop and Soil Sciences,
Washington state University, Pullman, United States}

\textbf{ORCiD:} {[}0009-0001-0402-0602{]}

\textbf{Keywords}: Cold Tolerance, Winter dormancy\emph{,} RGB Imagery,
NDVI, Canopy Cover

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