|
|
Evening
Chronotype
|
Neutral
Chronotype
|
Morning
Chronotype
|
|
No. of Participants |
1022 |
96(9.4) |
697(68.2) |
229(22.4) |
|
Age (%) |
|
|
|
|
0.010 |
≤29 |
377 (36.9) |
41 (42.7) |
268 (38.5) |
68 (29.7) |
|
30-34 |
457 (44.7) |
46 (47.9) |
305 (43.8) |
106 (46.3) |
|
≥35 |
188 (18.4) |
9 (9.4) |
124 (17.8) |
55 (24.0) |
|
Sex (Female, %) |
608 (59.5) |
56 (58.3) |
428 (61.4) |
124 (54.1) |
0.148 |
Education (%) |
|
|
|
|
0.011 |
Middle school or below |
302 (29.5) |
24 (25.0) |
190 (27.3) |
88 (38.4) |
|
High/ vocational school |
382 (37.4) |
43 (44.8) |
263 (37.7) |
76
(33.2) |
|
College degree or above |
338 (33.1) |
29 (30.2) |
244 (35.0) |
65
(28.4) |
|
Annual incomes (%) |
|
|
|
|
0.043 |
<30, 000 |
388 (38.0) |
30 (31.2) |
255 (36.6) |
103 (45.0) |
|
30, 000-60, 000 |
242 (23.7) |
23 (24.0) |
178 (25.5) |
41 (17.9) |
|
≥60, 000 |
392 (38.4) |
43 (44.8) |
264 (37.9) |
85 (37.1) |
|
Passive smoking (%) |
|
|
|
|
<0.001 |
Never |
326 (31.9) |
49 (51.0) |
220 (31.6) |
57 (24.9) |
|
Occasionally |
591 (57.8) |
45 (46.9) |
419 (60.1) |
127 (55.5) |
|
Frequently |
105 (10.3) |
2 (2.1) |
58 (8.3) |
45 (19.7) |
|
Physical activity (%) |
|
|
|
|
0.467 |
Low |
342 (33.5) |
34 (35.4) |
223 (32.0) |
85 (37.1) |
|
Moderate |
341 (33.4) |
31 (32.3) |
244 (35.0) |
66 (28.8) |
|
Vigorous |
339 (33.2) |
31 (32.3) |
230 (33.0) |
78 (34.1) |
|
Cause of infertility (%) |
|
|
|
|
0.923 |
Male factor |
179 (17.5) |
14 (14.6) |
126 (18.1) |
39 (17.0) |
|
Female factor |
365 (35.7) |
39 (40.6) |
242 (34.7) |
84 (36.7) |
|
Both |
249 (24.4) |
21 (21.9) |
174 (25.0) |
54 (23.6) |
|
Unexplained |
229 (22.4) |
22 (22.9) |
155 (22.2) |
52 (22.7) |
|
Living children (yes, %) |
162 (15.9) |
9 (9.4) |
105 (15.1) |
48
(21.0) |
0.020 |
Infertility treatment time |
|
|
|
|
0.335 |
≤6 month |
342 (33.5) |
40 (41.7) |
223 (32.0) |
79 (34.5) |
|
7-12 month |
217 (21.2) |
17 (17.7) |
152 (21.8) |
48 (21.0) |
|
13-24 month |
310 (30.3) |
26 (27.1) |
223 (32.0) |
61 (26.6) |
|
>24 month |
153 (15.0) |
13 (13.5) |
99 (14.2) |
41 (17.9) |
|
Frequency of insomnia (%) |
|
|
|
|
<0.001 |
Never |
236 (23.1) |
14 (14.6) |
156 (22.4) |
66 (28.8) |
|
Occasionally or ≤3 per
month
|
687 (67.2)
|
60 (62.5)
|
476 (68.3)
|
151 (65.9)
|
|
≥4 per month |
99 (9.7) |
22 (22.9) |
65 (9.3) |
12 (5.2) |
|
Nocturnal wake frequency (%) |
|
|
|
|
0.087 |
Never |
158 (15.5) |
23 (24.0) |
106 (15.2) |
29 (12.7) |
|
Occasionally |
471 (46.1) |
42 (43.8) |
327 (46.9) |
102 (44.5) |
|
≥1 per night |
393 (38.5) |
31 (32.3) |
264 (37.9) |
98 (42.8) |
|
Daytime napping (%) |
|
|
|
|
0.004 |
Never |
295 (28.9) |
41 (42.7) |
199 (28.6) |
55 (24.0) |
|
<1 |
525 (51.4) |
33 (34.4) |
366 (52.5) |
126 (55.0) |
|
≥1 |
202 (19.8) |
22 (22.9) |
132 (18.9) |
48 (21.0) |
|
Social jetlag (≥1 h, %) |
211 (20.6) |
29 (30.2) |
147 (21.1) |
35
(15.3) |
0.009 |
Nighttime sleep duration (≥8 h, %) |
680 (66.5) |
71 (74.0) |
454
(65.1) |
155 (67.7) |
0.210 |
Depression symptoms (yes, %) |
527 (51.6) |
68 (70.8) |
364 (52.2) |
95
(41.5) |
<0.001 |