3.4.1 DSA
Of the 224 patients in this study, 18 (8%) experienced DSA and the median time for DSA incidence was 1088 days (IQR, 592–1677 days). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that DSA incidence was 12.5% and 5.6% in the Low and High C0 group, respectively (P = 0.025) (Figure 4A). Additionally, the High IPV group also demonstrated a higher frequency of DSA compared to the Low IPV group, although this difference did not reach statistical significance (11.1% versus 4.7%, P = 0.056) (Figure 4D). From the Cox proportional hazard model, Low C0 was independently associated with increased risk for DSA (HR 2.820, 95% CI 1.093–7.276,P = 0.032) (Table 2).