Model derivation cohort
The derivation cohort came from a systematic review and meta-analysis of three prospective cohorts and three retrospective cohorts.5-10 These six cohorts were identified by searching the electronic databases of MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science from the time of their inception to December 1, 2022, using a combined text and MeSH heading search strategy with the terms: “liver stiffness”, “chronic liver diseases”, “portal hypertension”, “elastography” and “diagnosis”. All the studies reported odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk factors. A flowchart of the study selection methodology was shown in sFigure 1.