2.1 Literature search results
After completing the search of major databases, a total of 927 documents were obtained, including 538 Chinese and 389 English documents. Firstly, all documents were de-duplicated, 104 duplicate documents were removed, and 823 documents were obtained; then the documents whose titles or abstracts did not match were screened out, and 443 documents were obtained; finally, the documents that did not match the research object and the research type were eliminated, unrelated to patients’ self-management behavior, and other literatures were screened out, and 17 papers were finally included. The literature inclusion process and its results are shown in Figure 3.