5. Conclusion
N addition in temperate Korean pine plantation ecosystems altered AM fungal community structure, reduced AM fungal and herb diversity, decreased soil pH, increased inorganic N concentration, and decreased soil fast-acting phosphorus content. We suggested that the N application first changed the soil characteristics and then changed the composition and diversity of the soil AM fungal, and the changes in the AM fungal community in turn affect the distribution of soil aggregates, and the above-mentioned factors (biotic and abiotic) in the subsurface part together affect the plant community and diversity. Considering the importance of AM fungi in the ecosystem, future research should explore the pathways by which AM fungi regulate the ecological functions under N additional conditions to improve our understanding of the ecological functions of AM communities under global environmental change conditions.