Plant material
A total of 393 individuals were collected at five different sites
(Ambon, Banda islands, Ternate, Tidore, and Bacan) covering the
geographic extent of the Moluccas archipelago from North to South
(Figure 1). The Banda islands are a group of ten volcanic islands: we
sampled four of them (hereafter “Banda” to refer to these sampling
localities). Leaves of individuals were collected and stored in silica
gel to dry rapidly for preservation until DNA extraction. Additional
information were taken for the collecting sites: the name of the
locality, geographic coordinates, and tree circumference. We refer to
each island as a “population”, and the different collecting sites in
these islands are referred to as “subpopulations” (for details on the
number of subpopulations per population and the number of individuals
per population see Supplementary Table S1).