1 Introduction
Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic disorder caused by tumors that secrete fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23).1 Because of its role in renal phosphate handling and vitamin D synthesis, TIO is associated with decreased renal phosphate tubular reabsorption, hypophosphatemia, and low active vitamin D levels. Patients are often affected by the muscular vulnerability and bone pain for a prolonged time before diagnosis due to osteomalacia.2,3
The majority of tumors that cause TIO are classified as phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMTs).4 Head and neck regions were the second most constant localization of tumor (26%), next to the lower limbs (46%).2 Previous research on PMT in the head and neck region was primarily case reports with short-term follow-ups.5-7 Although comprehending the long-term surgical result and the cases with residual/local recurrent tumors is crucial for clinical administration, only a few reports have focused on nonremission and recurrent PMT cases.8 There remains a paucity of studies on long-term surgical and biochemical outcomes of PMT in the head and neck area.
Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the long-term surgical and biochemical outcomes of PMT in the head and neck region, particularly in nonremission and recurrent cases. These outcomes were also compared with PMT in the extremities and trunk.