5. CONCLUSION
In this systematic review and network meta-analysis of studies of patients with macular edema and at least 12 weeks of follow-up, our findings underscore the notion that any TA by different routes of injection therapy compared with placebo did increase IOP risk. RITA is potentially the safest route of injection in macular edema treatment for the risk of IOP. At 4 and 12 weeks of follow-up, the highest risk of IOP was found in IVTA, and at 24 weeks of follow-up, the highest risk became SCTA. This conclusion may help doctors evaluate the balance of pros and cons of various routes of injection and adjust their treatment accordingly. In the future, large-scale trials must be performed to validate the risk identified in the current meta-analysis.