3.2. The presence of ESBL and AmpC in CFEC bacteria
ESBL was detected in 28.6% (n=35) of 122 E. coli. Also, AmpC was not detected in any of the isolates (0 %). The genes responsible for ESBL and AmpC resistance were investigated with the PCR only in E. coli which are phenotypic ESBL-positive (Table 3). In this respect,bla SHV gene was not detected in any of the 35 isolates, and the bla CTX-M-1 gene was detected at the highest rate (68.5%). It was found that 3 of the ESBL isolates contained 4 of the screened resistance genes. In another 4 isolates, 3 of the genes were screened and 2 different genes were detected in 21 isolates. While only one of the genes was detected in 6 isolates, none of the tested genes were detected in one isolate.
One or more of the other genes were detected in all isolates that contained the bla OXA-10. Similarly, no isolates that contained only one bla TEM were detected, while all isolates containing the blaTEM gene as well asthe bla TEM were detected as one or more of the CTX-Ms or bla OXA-10 genes. Although phenotypic negative results, bla CIT andbla MOX genes were also investigated in ESBL-positive isolates and were not detected in any isolates. All results are presented in Table 4. The coding of ESBL detectedE.coli is the same as the numbering in CFEC, and CFEC-ESBL is abbreviated by adding ESBL in front of this abbreviation.