Chlorophyll content
Chlorophyll was measured using the protocol found in (Ma et al . 2016) with adjustments for lower weight and volume. To extract chlorophyll, approximately 10 mg of crushed leaves were added to 1.5 ml of 95% (v/v) ethanol. Samples were incubated in the dark for two days at room temperature (RT) and absorbance of the supernatant was measured at 664.2 nm and 648.6 nm by UV−Vis spectrophotometer (Biotek Epock microplate reader, Aligent Technologies Inc., Santa Clara, CA). Total chlorophyll was determined by Chla = 13.36x(A664.2) − 5.19x(A648.6); Chlb = 27.43x(A648.6) − 8.12x(A664.2), and total chlorophyll = Chla + Chlb.