Statistical Analysis:
The chi square test was used to compare categorical baseline characteristics, and unpaired t-tests for continuous data. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to assess the effects of colchicine on AF recurrence. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the effects of different procedural approaches and predictors of outcomes. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed for clinical predictors that have been previously reported to influence AF ablation outcomes (sex, age, body mass index (BMI), atrial fibrillation type (paroxysmal/persistent), hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, and diabetes).8,9,10 Logistic regression was used to estimate the propensity score. Matching was 1:1 nearest neighbor matching without replacement. Balance in the matched sets was examined using visual inspection and change in the mean and absolute standardized mean difference. After matching, all standardized mean differences for the covariates were below 0.1 indicating adequate balance. To estimate the treatment effect and its standard error, we fit a cox proportional regression model with AF recurrence as the outcome and colchicine as the treatment, and covariates and included the matching weights in the estimation. We used Package “matchit” to perform propensity score matching. All analyses were performed using R Statistical Software (R version 4.2.1, GNU project).