Fig.9. KVX-053 prevents S1SP-induced decrease in transendothelial electrical resistance (TER). (A) HLMVEC were pre-treated with KVX-053 (12.5 µM) for 2 h before being exposed to S1SP (10 nM). (B) HLMVEC exposed to S1SP (10 nM) for 5 h were treated with KVX-053 (12.5 µM). (C) Western Blotting of HLMVEC protein lysates pre-treated with KVX-053 (12.5 µM) and exposed to S1SP (10 nM). Bands were normalized to β-actin protein levels and plotted as fold of control. N = 3; *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001; **** p<0.0001 with two-ways ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s (A, B) and one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test (C).
Fig.10. KVX-053 protects Human Lung Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HLMVEC) from S1SP. HLMVECs grown on glass coverslips were treated with KVX-053 or vehicle (10% DMSO) for two h and then exposed to S1SP (10 μM). The cells were then fixed and double-stained for VE-cadherin (green), actin (red) and DAPI (blue).