Adverse complications and graft survival
Rejection occurred in three patients, two in the A+P group and one in the paxlovid group; death occurred in four patients, all in the combination group; graft inactivation occurred in five patients, two in the paxlovid group and three in the A+P group; new-onset urinary albumin positivity occurred in seven patients, four in the azvudine group, two in the paxlovid group and one in the A+P group; and acute kidney injury occurred in 30 patients: 7 in the azvudine group, 17 in the Paxlovid group, and 6 in the A+P group.
Kaplan–Meier survival curves were plotted for the risk of adverse events in the three groups, using ICU admission or death as the observation endpoint, with the lowest incidence of adverse events during the observation period recorded in the azvudine group; however, the difference in risk between the three groups was not statistically significant (log-rank test, P=0.069).
Kaplan–Meier curves were also plotted for graft survival between the three treatment groups, with no graft failure The best graft survival was in the azvudine group, and the lowest graft survival in the A+P group, with a statistical difference between the three groups (log-rank test P=0.037).
In this study, the observed adverse outcomes were ICU admission or death. To examine the differences in the occurrence of adverse outcomes among the three treatment modalities in more detail, we used the occurrence of adverse outcomes as the dependent variable; age, time since kidney transplantation, treatment group, and pneumonia type were the independent variables in a multifactorial logistic regression equation. Differences in the occurrence of adverse outcomes among the three treatment modalities were analyzed after adjusting for other factors. Age (years) and time since transplantation (months) were included in the equation as continuous variables, and the pneumonia subtype (1 for severe or critical, 0 for other) and treatment regimen were categorical variables. The results showed no significant differences in the occurrence of adverse events among the three groups after adjusting for other baseline values (Table 4).