2.5 Statistical Analysis
Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 23.0 (IBM Corp).
Two‐tailed p‐values less than 0.05 were considered statistically
significant. Categorical variables were presented as frequencies
(percentages) and analyzed using chi-squared tests. Numerical variables
were tested for normality using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test. Date
with normal distribution were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and
analyzed with t-test. Non-normal data distribution was expressed as
median (interquartile range) and analyzed with the Mann-Whitney test.
The correlation of VaIN and CIN was evaluated using Kendall’s
correlation test.