Fig. 2. Helical burrows in extinct taxa. (A) Gyrolithes probably created by Crustaceans during the Miocene from the Cacela Formation, Portugal (Cachao et al., 2009). (B) Helicodromites probably created by vermiform animals during the Devonian from the Hohenrein and Laubach Formations, Germany (Poschmann 2015). (C) Gyrolithescreated by shrimp during the Pliocene from the Guadlquivir Basin, Spain (Muniz and Belaustegui, 2019). (D) Daimonelix burrows created byPaleocaster during the late Oligocene-early Miocene in the Harrison Formation, United States (Martin, 1977; Permission granted to use, see Doody et al., 2015).