3. Mechanisms of natural active constituents in alleviating IR
The mechanisms of active constituents from herbs and nutraceuticals in
alleviating IR were divided into different categories as below:
ameliorating metabolic
abnormality, inhibiting inflammation, reversing gut microbiota
dysbiosis, regulating miRNAs and others (Fig 1). The categories listed
below, however, should only be used as a guide since the signaling
pathways and other factors almost always work in concert.