Results
A total of 163 hospitalized elderly patients were included in this study, including 84 patients in the COVID-19 group and 79 in the CNT group. The age of the patients in the two groups was tested by Kolmogorov-Sminov test, with the results of COVID-19 group Z = 0.086, P = 0.162 and CNT group Z = 0.162,P < 0.001. The data showed a non-normal distribution, and statistical analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney U test (non-parametric test). Chi-square test was used to compare the gender between the two groups. The test results of age and gender were shown in Table 1, and there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05).
Among 163 hospitalized elderly patients with sputum samples, 195 strains of bacteria were isolated, including 22 Gram-positive bacteria (11.3%) and 178 Gram-negative bacteria (88.7%). The top 10 pathogenic bacteria were Klebsiella pneumonia , Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,Acinetobacter baumannii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ,Escherichia coli ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Streptococcus pneumoniae ,Haemophilus influenza ,Enterobacter cloacae , and Enterobacter aerogenes. accounting for 30.3%, 19.0%, 12.8%, 7.7%, 7.2%, 6.7%, 4.6%, 3.1%, 2.1%, and 1.5%, respectively, and the remaining bacteria accounted for 6.0%. See Table 2 and Figure 1.
Single bacteria infection occurred in 163 cases (82.2%, 134/163) of hospitalized elderly patients, and mixed infection with two bacteria occurred in 25 cases (16.0%, 26/163), and mixed infection with three bacteria occurred in 3 cases (1.8%, 3/163).
The distribution of bacteria in COVID-19 group (98 strains) and CNT group (97 strains) was analyzed. Except for Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia , there was no statistical difference in the distribution of other strains. The composition ratio of Acinetobacter baumannii in the COVID-19 group (7.1%) was lower than that in the CNT group (18.6%), the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.017); the composition ratio of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in the COVID-19 group (12.2%) was higher than that in the CNT group (3.1%), the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.016). See Table