FIGURE 2 Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) for clonal
(a) and non-clonal species (b), with species occupancy identified by
non-acquisitive persistence-related trait values (with direction
reported by dashed lines and names). NMDS stress: for clonal species =
0.029, for non-clonal species = 0.127 – both indicating a good fitting
of the two-dimensional scaling.
Zooming into the links between single traits and single predictors for
clonal species, the variance explained by predictors for the most
important relationships ranged between 17% and 65% (Table 3). The most
consistent relationships were found for the target effect and soil depth
CV with BDMC, which exhibited strong positive links across all species.
Plant height and lateral spread proved less affected by environmental
and insularity factors than BDMC and with less consistent patterns
(Table 3).
TABLE 3 Results of the OLS regressions for the five clonal
species. Sign (arrow direction), significance (p-value: ** ≤ 0.01; * ≤
0.05; . ≤ 0.1) and strength (R2 values) of single
trait-single predictor links are reported. Only the most important
relationships (based on the model coefficient, 95% confidence interval,
significance, R2) are indicated – refer to
Supplemental Material 2 for further model summary statistics.