Schizophrenia (SZ) Schizophrenia (SZ) Methamphetamine-induced psychosis (MAP) Methamphetamine-induced psychosis (MAP) Healthy Control (CON) Healthy Control (CON)
n=36 n=36 n=27 n=27 n=32 n=32
Male n=28 Female n=8 Male n=21 Female n=6 Male n=19 Female n=13
Mean StDev Mean StDev Mean StDev
Demographic information
Age 30.44 5.89 27.91 4.94 30.61 6.07
Years of education - school 10.04 1.99 9.18 2.78 11.65* 1.41
Years of education - post school 0.27 0.90 0.53 1.06 1.12** 1.41
Diagnosis and drug use information
Duration of current diagnosis (years) 8.44 4.72 5.04 3.89 ~ ~
Number of psychotic episodes 3.65 1.62 2.32 1.08 ~ ~
Has used methamphetamine 14 of 39 14 of 39 31 of 31 31 of 31 2 of 35 2 of 35
Onset of methamphetamine use (age in years) 23.93 6.96 18.13* 5.68 17.50 4.95
Duration of methamphetamine use (years) 4.86 3.95 8.72# 4.46 1.04 1.36
Duration of abstinence from methamphetamine (months) 40.41 46.79 8.01* 13.47 114.00 76.37
Clinical scale scores
PANSS positive scale score 12.36# 5.55 10.33# 4.90 7.11 0.89
PANSS negative scale score 14.82# 6.35 13.76# 9.26 7.09 3.40
PANSS general psychopathology scale score 22.27# 6.92 20.48# 5.77 16.40 2.17
PANSS total score 49.44# 15.85 44.94# 17.18 28.95 9.35
CGI-S score 3.19# 1.10 2.67# 1.41 1.00 0.45
GAF score 60.69 14.24 67.30 17.48 88.86# 11.40
Kreek-McHugh-Schluger-Kellogg scale scores
Alcohol lifetime - Total score 5.18 4.07 7.41 3.36 7.35 2.76
Tobacco lifetime - Total score 8.14 4.99 9.56 3.09 5.39 5.12
Cocaine lifetime - Total score 0.70 2.18 2.63* 4.74 0.66 2.24
Heroin lifetime score - Total score 0.05 0.32 1.59@ 3.01 0.00 0.00
Cannabis lifetime - Total score 5.57 5.91 8.42** 5.39 2.94 4.13
Methamphetamine - Total score 3.46 4.47 9.82# 1.56 0.69 2.03