Figure 13. Geophysical Instrumentation network (permanent and
temporary) operated by WIHG in the Himalaya and adjoining regions.
Abbreviations: BBS - Broad Band
Seismograph; SMS – Strong motion System; MT – Magnetotelluric; GPS –
Global Positioning System; MCT – Main Central Thrust; MBT – Main
Boundary Thrust; HFT – Himalayan Frontal Thrust. (Courtesy WIHG)
CSIR-4PI has established a regional broadband seismic and GNSS network
in Kashmir Himalaya to assess earthquake hazard and risk in NW Himalaya
with emphasis on Jammu & Kashmir, and Ladakh regions. This network
started in 2013 with 8 stations in phase 1 and 7 stations were added in
phase 2. Recently, 7 more stations are added in phase 3 (Fig.14). This
network of collocated broadband seismic and GNSS stations enabled
CSIR-4PI to initiate integrated broad seismic and GNSS studies for the
first time in Kashmir valley. The network is running with 120 s
broadband sensors and, in addition, CSIR-4PI is also equipped with 12
units of 5 s period seismometers useful for micro-tremor array
measurements to image the subsurface geological mapping in terms of
shear wave velocity. Mir et al. (2022) performed noise analysis of this
seismic network for the period of 2014 – 2020.