Transgenic plant assay
To detect the positive transgenic plants of OsAP79 , knockout plants were identified through Sanger sequencing of the PCR products spanning the target regions in the T0 generation. For the OE plants, the copy number of the transgene was estimated by comparing it with the standard single copy sample in the T0 generation, and verified their expression in the T1 generation using qRT-PCR (Yang et al ., 2004). All the lines selected for further studies were surveyed using the BPH resistance test.