Analysis of alpha diversity of gut microbiota
The results of alpha diversity analysis based on the phylum level using the Wilcoxon rank sum test showed that the Ace richness estimator in the autumn group (P =0.023<0.05) was significantly higher than that in the spring group (Figure 2A). However, the Shannon–Wiener diversity index in the spring group (P =0.029<0.05) was significantly higher than in the autumn group (Figure 2B). At the family level, the Ace (P =0.029<0.05) and Shannon (P =0.029<0.05) indices in the autumn group were significantly higher than those in the spring group (Figure 2C, D).