Participants
We conducted this cross-sectional study at the
Gynecology and Center for
Reproductive Medicine of the ********************. From May to September
2022, non-pregnant women with PCOS aged 18 to 50 years attending the
hospital’s gynecology and medical reproduction centre were recruited for
this study, and each participant met Rotterdam criteria (H. Teede et
al., 2018): oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea, together with clinical or
biochemical hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries, or both. Exclusion
criteria: (1) participants with severe cardiovascular, liver, kidney and
other organic diseases or malignant tumours: (2) participants with
mental illness or cognitive impairment.