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\begin{document}

\title{Observed Changes in Interannual Precipitation Variability in the United
States}



\author[1]{Ryan D. Harp}%
\author[2]{Daniel E Horton}%
\affil[1]{Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern; Northwestern University}%
\affil[2]{Northwestern University}%


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  \date{May 22, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Characterizing changes in precipitation patterns over time is critical
for hydrologically-dependent fields like water resource management and
agriculture. Here, we explore observed trends in interannual
precipitation variability using a suite of metrics that describe changes
in precipitation over time. We analyze daily \emph{in-situ} Global
Historical Climatology Network precipitation data from 1970 to present
over seventeen internally consistent sub-national United States domains
using a regional Mann-Kendall trend test. We find robustly increasing
trends in annual mean precipitation and wet day frequency for most of
the central and eastern U.S., but decreasing trends in the western U.S.
Importantly, we identify widespread significant trends in interannual
precipitation variability, with increasing variability in the southeast,
decreasing variability in the far west, and mixed signals in the Rocky
Mountains and north-central U.S. Our results provide important context
for water resource managers and a new observational standard for climate
model performance assessments. \textbf{}%
\end{abstract}%



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