Conclusion
The present work demonstrated the presence of CMV DNA in placental
tissue from asymptomatic parturients, evincing permittivity of this
tissue to the virus. Also, CMV presence was investigated in the
umbilical cord blood, which is responsible for nourishing the fetus
along development, accusing a possible vertical transmission of the
pathogen. There was no involvement of the placenta in more than 90% of
the evaluated cases, and transmission apparently occurred by an
ascendant pathway of the genital tract, once the virus can be released
this way. This result reinforces that the placental barrier is efficient
against viral infection, even when the virus present the ability to
replicate in this site.
Considering the presented research scenario of a university hospital
attending people under vulnerable social conditions at Southern Brazil,
this study showed that familiar income lower than a minimum wage was a
risk factor concerning the virus presence in the mother, consequently
resulting in risk of transmission to the newborn. Skin color, was an
independent risk factor, once mothers who were not self declared white
presented at least 3 times more chances of CMV transmission to fetus
during gestation. Classic economical and environmental factors from
developing countries present a negative impact on maternal-fetal
transmission of CMV, despite no consensus was still found concerning the
tracking of the infection.